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China Information » Places in China » Liaoning Province
Places in China: Liaoning Province
The 'Liao' part of the name of the province comes from the Manchurian Liao Dynasty of 975 to 1125 AD. The 'ning' part of the title refers to peacefulness. The province is in a northeastern area of China and was formerly a part of Manchuria, now called Dongbei. Two other neighbouring provinces were also formerly part of Manchuria, Jilin Province and Heilongjiang Province. These three provinces are centres of heavy industry and production of important materials for the country.
Liaoning has rich natural resources which it has used in trade with neighbouring countries, South Korea and Japan. The province is the closest one to South Korea. The province is sometimes referred to as the 'golden triangle' because of its great geographical location. It has the sea coast on one side, the Bohai Gulf on one side and the Yalu River.
There are great scenic locations in the province with the cities of Dalian, Yinkou, Dandong, Xingcheng and Huludao being among them. There are many hot springs in parts of the province as well.
Traces of human existence in the region date back as far as 300,000 years ago. Around 5000 years ago, Liaoning was the most highly-developed area for Chinese civilization. From 221 BC to 1911 AD, Liaoning was a significant political, military and economic centre in this part of China. Many sites exist which reveal the history of the region.
The people of Liaoning are mostly Han Chinese with fifteen percent being of other ethnic groups such as Xibes, Koreans, Manchus, Mongolians and Huis. Many of these ethnic peoples use their own languages and have their own peculiar life styles. There are forty-one million people who call Liaoning home. The land area of the province is 145,900 square kilometres.
The port city of Dalian is a jewel for the province. On the Bohai Sea, it is a tourist destination as well as being a great industrial centre. Beaches, countryside venues and industrial areas all create the 'sparkling pearl' on the Bohai Sea.
The largest city in the province as well as serving as the capital of the province is Shenyang. It became the provincial capital in the 17th century.
Natural resources in Liaoning Province include large iron deposits in addition to boron, diamonds and magnesite. These exceed the deposits found in any other Chinese provinces. Other industries of importance to the province are chemical, petroleum and natural gas.
The province has hot summers and very cold winters since it is in the extreme northeastern area of the country.
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